FACSIMILE.
1. A print
which is an exact copy of an original design, i.e. a
"reproductive" print as opposed to an "original" print.
2. In a more specific sense it refers to the exact
reproduction of a line drawing in wood engraving (as
opposed to its interpretation in a brush or wash
technique) and was particularly popular in the
nineteenth century. Photomechanical processes are also
used for obtaining facsimiles.
FADING.
The gradation of a tint in an imperceptible manner.
FALSE MARGINS.
A print may not have normal margins for a variety of
reasons. In this case, it may be mounted on a larger
sheet of paper which provides it with false margins.
"FECIT".
Sometimes found after the name of the engraver or maker
at the base of a print, meaning the artist whose name it
follows "made it."
FELT.
Woollen or cotton material used for packing round the
printing rollers.
FIBER FILL.
Utilizing paper pulp to complete losses in a sheet of
paper.
FILLET.
1. A spacer device placed between the glazing and the
mount in a frame which prohibits the glazing material
from coming in contact with the artwork.
2. An ornamental wood molding put outside the image and
inside the matting of a framed work of art.
FIRST EDITION.
The earliest edition of a book or a print to be
taken.
FLAKING.
Loss of small islands of paint, or other
surface material, or even ground layers following
cleavage, blistering, or buckling action in paintings or
similar works of art.
FLATTENING.
A restoration procedure involving controlled
humidification and controlled drying under pressure.
FORMAT.
Plates, blocks and screens, sheets of paper,
film and negatives often have recurrent formats, which
means that the dimensions of a print frequently recur.
FOXING, FOX
MARKS.
The discoloration of paper or other surfaces by
brownish or greyish spots, believed to be caused by
micro-organisms (mould) developing rapidly at high
humidities under stagnant conditions. This is frequently
due to artworks being framed without using archival
conservation framing standards. A good conservator can
easily repair this type of damage.
FRONTISPIECE.
In the oldest sense of the word, the
frontispiece refers to an ornate title page in a book;
more recently; it has applied to an illustration placed
before or opposite the title page.
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